نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تکنولوژی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایارن

2 عضو هیأت علمی گروه تکنولوژی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی،دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه تکنولوژی آموزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی،دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

رویارویی با مسائل پیچیده آموزشی و طرح مسائل نوآورانه در جهانِ متأثر از تغییرات علم و فناوری قرن حاضر، نیازمند تجهیز به نوعی از اندیشه و عملِ تحلیلی و خلاق در عرصه آموزش و یادگیری است. تفکر طراحی در آموزش" نوعی مسئله‌گشایی یادگیرنده‌محور و خلاق برای پاسخگویی به مسائل مبهم و پیچیده و طرح مسائل نوآورانه در آموزش است." هدف از این پژوهش، واکاوی‌ و‌ مفهوم‌پردازی تفکر طراحی و همچنین بررسی ضرورت آن در آموزش است. در پژوهش حاضر با مطالعه اسنادی پژوهش‌های موجود، از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی استقرایی برای آنالیز مقالات منتخب از مرور نظام‌مند استفاده شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که مفاهیم در گستره‌ای از اندیشه(فلسفه، استراتژی، رویکرد و ذهنیت، فرایند ذهنی و تفکر حل‌مسئله) تا عمل(فرآیند اجرا، ابزار تولید دانش و نوآوری، مهارت و فعالیت) قرار دارند؛ همچنین، انسان محوری، تفکر تحلیلی و خلاق، راه‌حل محوری درحل مسائل مبهم، تفکر خارج از چارچوب، پذیرش ابهام و عدم قطعیت، مشارکتی و فرارشته‌ای بودن، فرآیندی، ادغام نظر و عمل، نوآوری و یادگیری از شکست از مهمترین ویژگی‌های تفکر طراحی شناسایی گردید. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، بهره‌گیری از تفکر طراحی برای حوزه علوم تربیتی و برای افراد یک مجموعه آموزشی اعم از یادگیرندگان، رهبران آموزشی، مدیران، معلمان ضروری به نظر می‌رسد تا به عنوان یک حوزه منشأ اثر در پرورش نسلی کارآمد مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An analysis of the concept of Design Thinking and its necessity in education

نویسندگان [English]

  • Susan Talebi 1
  • Mohammadreza Niliahmadabadi 2
  • Hashem Fardanesh 3

1 Educational Technology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iyaran

2 Member of the faculty of the Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Exposure with complex educational issues and proposing innovative issues in the world affected by the changes in science and technology of the current century, requires equipping with a kind of analytical and creative thinking and action in the field of education and learning. Design thinking in education is a kind of learner-centered and creative problem-solving to respond to ambiguous and complex issues and propose innovative issues in education. The purpose of this research is to analyze and conceptualize design thinking and examine its necessity in education. In the present study, the inductive qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the selected articles from the systematic review by studying the documents of the existing researches. The findings of the research showed that the concepts are in a range of thought (philosophy,strategy, approach and mentality, mental process and problem-solving thinking) to action (implementation process, means of producing knowledge and innovation, skill and activity); Also, human-centered, analytical and creative thinking, solution-oriented in solving ambiguous problems, thinking outside the framework, accepting ambiguity and uncertainty, being collaborative and trans disciplinary, process, integration of opinion and action, innovation and learning from failure are among the most important The features of design thinking were identified. According to the results of the research, the use of design thinking for the field of educational sciences and for the people of an educational group, including learners, educational leaders, managers, and teachers, seems necessary in order to be considered as a source of effect in raising an efficient generation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Design Thinking
  • Design Thinking in Education
  • learner-centered
  • Creative Problem Solving
  • Conceptualization
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